Type-writer carriage-return mechanism.



N. L. ANDERSON. TYPE WRITER CARRIAGE RETURN MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR 29. 1916.

Patented May 15,1917.

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W TYPE WRITER CARRIAGE RETURN MECHANISM.

APPucMmra mu) MAR. 29, 19l6- 1,226,296. lutentvd May I5, 191].

N. L. ANDERSON. TYPE WRITER CARRMGE RETURN MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 29. i916.

Patented May 15,1917.

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N. L. ANUERSUN.

TYPE WHITER CARHMGE RETURN MECHANISM.

APPLICATON FILED MAR. 29. HHS. v

Patented May 15; 1917.

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5 m i, W 2%; attozumgm it To all m ham it may concern mun. LABKIN ANDERSON, or wmsromsnnnu, non'rn cnnonfim.

TYPE-WRITER CARRIAGE-RETURN MECHANISM.

Be it known that I, NEAL L. Aivnnnson,

i a citizen of the United States, residing at ,W'inston-Salem, county of Forsyth and the carriage automatically State'o'f North Carolina, have invented certain' new and useful Improvements in Type- \Vriter GarriageRet-urn Mechanism; and I ,dohereby declare the following to .be a full,

clear, and exact description of the invention; such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itiappertains to make anduse the same. i y

This invention is directed to the provision of animproved form of return-niechanism for a typewriter carriage including a motor suitably connected to the typewriter carriage and adapted to etfect. the return of on the depres sion of a suitable key.

'lheprimary feature of the invention in valves the provision of means whereby the typewritercarriage is relieved of the drag of the return mechanism connected therea with while the'carriage. is being moved in the ordinary manner to effect letter spacing, vas'for instance, by the spi'ingnsually provided for moving the carriage in one direction 'under the control of the escape- Iuent mechanism. It has heretofore been proposed to provide an electrlc motor for 'returning; a typewriter carriage, the armature of thismotor being connected to the carriage either directly or through a sultable flexible connection. In-such constructions the movei'nent of the carriage during the writing of a. line of print-has been accompanied by rotation of the armature of the motor of the return mechanism and the spring provided for effecting the letter spacing movements of the carriage has had lI1'l]')OS8d upon it the additional work of so rotating the armature of the motor. Such increase m load upon the spring results in retarding the movements of the ty ')ewriter carriage and speed at which the machine maybe operated is greatly reduced. In accordance. with the present invention -the motor employed for returning the typewritcr carriage imposes no additional load upon the spring of the typewriter carriage. Instead, the motor is operated automatiwith the movements of the typeyvriter car- Specmcation of Letters Patent.

Application filed larch 29, 1916. Serial No. 87,402.

Patented Ma riage; the motor thus maintains its operative-connection tothe carriage so that' it is in readiness at all times to efi'ect a return L movement of the carriage but the spring for actuating the typewriter carriag'e is' wholly relieved of the work of rotatingthe motor armature as the carriage effect letter spacing; Thefeature of the invention above re-' ferred. to whereby the spring foractuating the typewriter carriage is relieved of'the drag of the motoris preferably combined moves -to with a tension regulator of the character disclosed in Patent 'No. 953,938, heretofore granted to me, though it maybe used, if desired, in a type of return mechanism wherein the return motor is connected-directly to.

the carriage, as by means of a rack onv the carriage meshing'with a gear on the motor shaft. The mechanism disclosed.v in the patent above referred to involves the provision of afle'xible connection from the carriage of the typewriter tothe armatuye of the flexible connection becomes slack so as to itfwould frequently happen that the operator of a typewriter equipped with a re.-

turn mechanism would want'to return the carriage by hand through a short distance and such manual return of the carriage unaccompanied by actuation of the return motor would result in slackening the fiexible connection. Under such conditions the automatic take-up above referred toiwould cause operation of the motor so as to Wind up the flexible connection an amount suflicient to restore it to its original taut cdhdition. 'In accordance with the present in-- vention. I arrange the controller of the takeup mechanism so that it operates to cause rotation of the motor both for taking lip slack in the flexible connection an feeding out the flexible connection, h corre-- spondence with the letter spacing move ments' of the typewriter carnage. Preferably, an electric motor is employed for Bf-j fer-ting the return Ofthecarrmge and a flexible connection is fastened at one end to the carriage and at the other toa pulley on a shaft driven by the motor armature. A

130 for i f controller is provided bearing against this flexible connection and if that connection becomes slack, the controller arm is moved by its spring so as to close circuit through the motor in such a direction as to efl'ect operation of the motor in the direction appro-.

priate for taking u the slack. ()n the other and, if the norma slack of the flexible con- I nection is taken up, as it would be as a re '15 sult of letter spacing movements of the typewriter carriage, then the, arm of the controller would be moved to a position for closing the circuits of the motor in the opposite direction and thus cause operation of the mdtor in a direction to unwind the flexible connection from the pulley on the motor-driven shaft so as to feed out the flexible connection and thus restore it to its original condition. The operation of the mechanism in this respect 1s such that the motor isalways maintained in proper opentire condition with respect to the typewriter carriage. The operation of the motor to return the carriage-is not accom- 50 panied by racking of.-the parts such as would result if the first portion of the 'movement of the motor were a movement incident to taking up a substantial amount of slack in the flexible connection and'the B6 .spring for actuating the typewriter carriage is wholly relieved of theload which would be imposed upon it iff it were necessary for the movement of. the carriage to effect dimctly the rotation of the motor armature.

40' Another feature of the-invention involves was provision of a return mechanism'of such a constructionas will permit of the use of a return' motor "of very small size. To this end the motor is connected to the typewriter carriage through speed reducing gearing This made possible by reason of the provisio'n'ofithe automatic mechanism for actusting the motor to unwind theflexible connection in correspondence with the letter 7 spacing movements of the typewriter car- :rmge. 'Inprior types of carriage. return 'fmechani'smsygthe" use of such 'speed-cha nging [gearing intlz'e connections from the cartie to. the 'motor shaft has been practi- Q 56' cal y impossible becauseof the fact that the 1 movement of the '.carriage itself was depended uponto' efl'ect .th'e' rotation of the gmmr-nmawre'aM-she dragthus im osed lull fl movements ofithc carriageoccu r the motor of certain improvements in the mechanism In accordance may be connected through speed-changing gearing to the shaft on which is mounted the pulley for the flexible connection and because of this a motor of much smaller size may be employed and the current consumed therein is greatly reduced.

Another feature'of the invention involves the provision of means for facilitating the assemblage of the flexible connection or the insertion of a new: flexible connection when an old one becomes broken. This feature of the invention also involves protecting the mechanism against injury due to operation of the motor following a break in the flexible connection, in which case the motor 30 would not be brought to rest by the means I provided for opening the motor circuit under normal conditions. l

The invention also involves the provision employed for controlling the speedof the return movement of the carriage. In Letters Patent No. 1,187 ,124 heretofore granted to me, a construction is shown wherein the circuit of the motor of the carriage return mechanism is automatically controlled so as to insert resistance in the motor circuit toward theend of a return movement of the carriage, the amount of this resistance being regulated in accordance with the extent of 9;) the advance. movement of the carriage. Thus, when the carriage is returned the full length of a line of print, the maximum resistance would be cut into the motor circuit near the end of the return movement of 'the carriage so that this final operation of the vefl'ected." The amount of the resistance cut into the motor circuit is therefore automatically regulated in such a manner that whenthe carriage is returned through a short distance only, a less amount of resistance.- would be cut into the motor circuit and the torque of the/motor would therefore be reduced to a limited extent only; as a result, if the momentum of the carriage were insufli- Qient to efl'ect a complete return of thecarriage, the operation of the motor would be available to complete the return movement. The present invention involves the protision of an improved construction of the parts whereby this automatic regulation of t e re-i sistance of the motor circuit under the ary-' ing conditions of return movements is at lllible connection as-the letter. spacing tamed. It also involves the provision of a convenient and readily operated mechanism for adjusting the point in the return movements Where the reslstance proportioned to the extent ofthe advance movement is cut -1nt0 the motor circuit.

'parts being shown in elevation Fig. 4 is a top view of the mechanism shown in. Fig. 3, the casing of the return mechanism being in section; Flg. 5 IS a view of the key lever and the contacts controlled thereby in section on' line 5 5 f Fig. 8; Fig. 6 isa transverse section of the parts shown in Fig. 3 on line 6: 6 of. Fig. 3; Fig. 7 a. transverse section through the rheostat; Fig. 8-is a transverse section of the return'mechanism on line 8- 8 of Fig. 3; Fig. 9is a detailview in hori-. zontalwsection on line 9-9 of Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is a view in vertical section on line 10-10 o;f Fig.8; Fig. 11 is an enlarged View of the top of the rheostat;-and Figs. 12,13 and 14 are diagrams of the circuits. Referring to these drawings, 16 indicates a typewriter having the usual reciprocating paper carriage 17 provided with a rotary.

platen 18 upon which a. sheet of paper is supported. The carriage 17 is moved transversely of the machine bya. spring under the control of anescapement mechanism to effect located Within the casing 21.

letter spacing, and the platen 18 is rotated step by step to effect line'spacing. To the right ofthe carriage isthe usual pivoted.

and spring retracted line-spacing lever 19 provided with a handle 20which is grasped by the operator in order to return the carriage and at the same time rotate the platen to effect line spacing. .The automatic return of the carriage is effected by a motor This motor actuates a shaft 22 on which is mounted a pulley 23 and one end of a flexible connec-' tion 24 is wound upon and secured to this pulley 23. The flexible connection '24 ex tends over a pulley 25 mounted upon the frame of the typewriter and its end is con-v nected to the carriage 17 of the typewriter.

Preferably this end of the connection 24 is,

secured to a'bar 26 which is mounted upon the carriage l7and' adapted to move relatively thereto in' suitable guides 27. This bar 26 is pivotally'connected to one end of an crank 28 whichis'secured to the handle of the line-spacing lever 20 so that when the motor Winds up the flexibleconnection 24it not only returns the carriage but also oper ates the parts 19, 20 and 28 so as to effect line spacing. y

The arm 29 ot a controller for the motor for eii'erting the return of the carriage car rics a roller at its end which roller bears upon the flexible connection 24. The arm 29 is pivotally mounted and is actuated by a spring so as to bear upon the flexible connection 24 with .av light pressure sufficient to flex the connection 24 slightly, as is'indicated in Fig. 1. 1f the operator returns the carriage more or less by hand, the flexible connection 24 is slackened and arm 29 is immediately turned by its sprmg and In so turning closes the c1rcu1ts of the motor in the casing 21 so as to cause operation of the motor to take up the slack in the connection 24. On the otherhand, if the typewriter is operated, the carriage 17 will be, moved by its spring step by step to effect letter spacing and such movement of the carriage will tend to draw the. flexible connection 24 more taut, resulting in movement of the arm 29 of the controller in the opposite direction against the tension of its spri'ng and thus closing the circuits of the motor in a re verse direction, as a consequence of which the motor will operate to feed out the flexible connection 24 until the normal slack in the connection has been reestablished.

Referring now to Figs. 3 to 11, the motor forret-urning the carriage is shown at 30.

On its shaft is a pinion 31 meshing with a gear 32 on the drivenshaft 22'on Which'the pulley 23 is secured. The shaft 22 carries a. Worm 33 which meshes with a worm wheel 34v on a vertically disposed shaft 35. This shaft is'journaled at its lower end in a hearing formed "in the ba-se'plate 36 of a rheostat. This rheostat includes coils of re sistance wire 37 wound upon a spool located below the tacts 38 w ich are connected to the resistance Wire 37 at various points thereon, as

will be understood by reference to the diagrams of circuits shown in Figs. 12,' 1.3 and late 36 and a plurality of con-,

14. A disk 39 is mounted loosely upon the shaft and thisdisk carries an arm 40 on the end of which is a contact adapted to move over the series of'contacts 38'-a's the disk 39 is turned on shaft35. As stated above, the disk 39 is loose on the shaft and it is turned in one direction by an arm 41 projecting outwardly and downwardly from a collar 42, which is secured to the shaft 35 directly below the Worm wheel 34.- When shaft 35 is rotated carrying with it the arm .41 this arm engages stud 43 rising from the disk 39 and turns the 'disk with 1t so as to carry the arm 41 around over the re sistance contacts 38. Between the disk 39 and sleeve 42 is a coiled sprin 44' w-hich is placed under tension when-she t 35 is'turned in a counterclockwise direction,- as seen' in- Fig. 4, while the disk 39 is held against rotation. This s ring, when so placed under tension, is einp oyed for retracting the disk 39 and arm 40 to their initial positions when the disk is released.

The disk 39 and arm 40 are adaptedto be held in positions to which they are moved by a lever 45 pivoted upon the plate 36 and provided with a tooth which is adaptedto coact with ratchet teeth formed in t e edge of a portion of the disk 39. This lever 45 is adapted to be turned by a spring 46 in a direction to cause its tooth to engage the ratchet, but normally the lever is he the key lever 48 of the return mechanism, as is shown in- Fig. 5. This key lever is pivotally mounted upon the based the return mechanism and its free-end projects therefrom to a operator, all is s own in Fig. 1. When the key lever is in its normal elevated position,

the cam 47 holds the spring-actuated lever 45 retracted out of, coaction with the teeth of the ratchet'on disk 39. But when the key lever is depressed, the cam 47 releases lever 4'5and spring 46 actuates that lever so as to cause itstooth to engage the-ratchet onv disk 39 and'thus hold the disk 39 and arm in th positions to which they have been moved until the key 48 is released and is returned'to its initial position by, its spring. When this occurs, thecaln 47 moves lever to causeit to release the ratchetand disk 39 and arm 40 are' returned totheir initial positions in contact with the first one of'the studs 38 by the spring 44. I

Adjacent to the disk 39 is a lever 49 which I ispivotally mounted. upon the base plate 36' of the rheostat. this lever and to a. stud on the base plate, the spring being adapted toturn lever 49 in a clockwlsedirection. The end. of lever 49 is adapted to make contact wjth'a pin 51 mounted upon theendsofa lever 52 which lever 49 is tension of-spring is 'see the edge of the pliite 36 and which bears aga 'p n' isalso pivotally mounted upon-the pie'he 36 of the rheostat. The lever 52 is normally inthe'position in. which it is a leaf spring 54 depending from jthejlever 52. The le'vgz is extended ond'its pivot and the' ek'tension is ,apte'd to he engaged by ,a' ehriifi mounted =hgon' .'the end 0 a shaft :57, This shaft is .55" i it in the crisihgbfiithe return mechanism and a apted ftd-aggck in a providedfor exterior to the casingsdg is provided with a handle 58 whereby cam 56 may be ad- Wired to any desired angular position;

on cam 5 6 is so turned, it turns the lever 52 about its'pivot and through the pin 51 it correspondin 1y moves-the ."lever 49. The

tobemoveda s as wh ne .thecontactbetween he end o inh rent?!" P all (1 out of coaction with the ratchet by a cam 47 on' osition convenient for the A spring 5Q is connected to a which spring 44, which sp 51 by means of the arm 41 projecting from the sleeve 42' on the shaft 35 of the rheostat, as will be hereinafter more fully described in connection with'the circuits.

Summarizing the operation of the parts just, described, the movement of the carriage to effect letter spacing throughout the printing of a line causes rotation of the shaft 22 to feed out the flexible connection 24 on the pulley 23, the shaft 22 being driven by the motor 30 as will be hereinafter described. At the same time the shaft 35 rotated through the gearing 33 and 34 and the arm 40 is moved around over the contacts 38 by the'arm 41 on shaft 35 engaging the pin 43 on the disk 39 which carries the arm 40. The arm 40 is therefore 'moved a distance commensurate with the length of the line of print. When it is desired to re-- turn the carriage, the motor 30 is set in operation in the appropriate direction and rotates the shaft 22 so as to Wind up the flex ible connection 2-4 upon the pulley 23. This rotation of shaft 22 effects rotation of shaft 35 in the opposite direction, thus causing thearm 41 to move around in a counterclockwise direction. But the disk 39 and arm 40 do not move with the arm 41 as the disk .39 is then held by the lever 45 which is moved into engagementwith the teeth on the disk 39 when the Eey.48 is depressed to start the moms-'30. The rotary movement of shaft 35 and arm 81 continues until the arm engages the lever 49 and turns that lever against the tension of spring 50 so as to break the electrical connection between the end of lever 49 and the pin 51 on arm 52. The breaking of the connection between arm 49 and pm 51 causes an ainount of resistance to be cut into the'motor circuit depend ing upon the position of the arm 40 and hence u on the extent of the advance movement 0 the carriage. The last portion of the return movement of the carriage is thus eflected with-resistance so that the torque of the motor is substantially reduced. When the return movement has-been entirely completed, the operator leases the key 48 and the latter is raised to its normal position and inthe course of its movement operates the lever 4510 turn it out in the motor circuit of enga ment with the teeth of the ratchet on the isk 39. Th

disk being thus-released is returnedto its ormal position by the ring was placed under tension by the movement of shaft 35 which ca lever 49.

a shaft 59 "which extends through a bearing to the inner'i nd of-this shaft is. secured a block 60"of materigL T-hia block ha w #1, audit? i -ths -Mor ss l the' i c e arm 41 into engagement with 1 The arm 2910f the controller is secured to i t-flffl return mechanism and arms being s aced apart so that they are not electrical y connected. Each of these two arms cotiperates with contacts mounted upon a strip 63 ofinsulating material which is-secured to the inner side of the end member of the casing of the return mechanism. The contact'strip 61 has. a spring 6% connected at one end thereto, its other end being connected to a stud 65 on the insulating wall 63. The contact arm 62 has a spring 66 connected at one end thereto, its other end being connected to a stud 67 on the wall 63. These two springs 64 and 66 exert a spring tension upon the arm of the controller including the arm 29, shaft 59, insulating block 60 and the contact strips 61 and This tension is exerte d against the flexible connection 24 and normally flexes it to the extent indicated in Fig. 1. When the flexible connection is flexed to this extent, the contact strips 61 and 62 are in the positions indicated in Fig.

' 8 and a contact button on the lower endof the strip 61 is then in. engagement with a dead stud mounted upon the wall 63. Rocking of the controller arm in one direction or the other carries the button on thelower end a of the strip 61 into engagement with one or w theother of two contact studs 68 and 69 mounted upon the insulating wall 63. Also,

contact on the lower end of the arm 62 is carried into engagement .with one or the other of'two contacts 70 and 71 mounted upon the insulating wall 63. The contact 70 is electrically connected to the contact 69 and the contact 71 is electrically connected to the contact 68, as will be seen by referconstitut'e'a reversing switch for the circuit of the motor 30. c

' The bracket 72 by ,ivhich the contact 7 0 mounted upon the insulating. wall 63, carries two screwsl 73 and'74, the former of which is insulated from the bracket 72 by a bushing 75 (Fig. 10).. These. screws are normall v in en agement with spring arms 76 of the base of the casing for the return mechanism, as shown in Fig. 8, and wluch pro ect 6Q from their points of support. transversely of the'casing. "Each of these spring arms 7 6 and a 77 carriesa stud 78 (Figs. 5 and 6) and the two study 78 project up'wardly through openings mthebnse of the casing; the upper ends of these two studs 78 are adapted to be engagedby a projection 79 on the key lever .48. so that when the key lever is depressed [the studs 78 are depressed, carrying with and 77 more upwardly but of engagement mechanism to perform its functions.

when the controller arm is rocked thus, a

and 77 whic are secured to the under side 77. .When' the spring arms 76 and 77 areso tacts 68, 69, and 71. Also, the keyleyerl g gg arm 84; so that it is raised slightly above the contact 82. as a result of which the circuit isbroken at the contact 82 rather than at the contact 8Lwhenthe spring arms 76 with the underlying "studs 7 y Figs. 12, 13 and 14 illustrate the electrical connections with the several switching devices shown in each of the three posltions to which they are moved in operating the Fig. 12 illustrates'the positions which the parts occupy when the flexible connection 24 has been drawn abnormally taut by the letter spacing movements of the carriage and the motor is operatingto feed out the flexible H connection 24 to restore it to its normalcon-g- 3 dition. Fig. 13 illustrates the positions which the parts occupy when the flexible connection 24 has become abnormallyslack 35 as a result of a artial return movement of v the carriage e ected manually. Fig: 14" illustrates the positions which thepziits no cupy when the key lever 48 has been (reg pressed to cause the motor to return thecarriage to its initial position. Referringfirst to Fig. 12, it will be seen that thepositive supply wire 85 leads to the'field coils of the motor 30 and then to the spring arm 76" which is adapted to be depressed by a Jde pression of the key'lever 48.

71 and 68. The negative supply wire 86is connected to the spring arm 7 T,- which when p it 'is not depressed by thekey lever 48, is in ence to Figs. 12, and 14. so that these parts p a nectcd to the contacts 70 and 69. Tlie-s pringfj 66, which is connected to the contact arm 62' a of the controller, is connected b a wire 87 y i to one side of the arnuiture of t e motor30 'ff and the other side of the armature is con-j enml ement with the screw 7 4 whichis con I5 I" i i nected by wire 88 with the stud, 89 on the base plate of the rheostat', 'to which the; 1'10 spring 50 is connected. This spring electri- ('ally connects the wire 88 and Stud 89 to the, E

lever 5l9. The coacting lever 52 is connected, by a wire 90 to the contact'Sl ,underlyin spring arm 77. The contact 82 under yingLIIS the spring arm 76 is connected, as shown, to

the wire 87. The spring 64, which is connected to the spring arm 61 of the controller, 1 is connected to i. the last one of the studs 38 of the rheostat and the. first "one of these 123 rheostat and bearing against thehub of the 323 disk 39. Normally, the arm of th controller lies in the position in which it is illustrated inFig 8 and the circuits are open at all of the con when h sprlng arm 76 is not depressed,"the contact.

tacts 81 and 82. If the 48 is in its elevated position so that the switch arms 76 and 77 are in engagement with the overlyin are disconnected mm the underlying concommenoe writing upon e typewriting machine, the carriage would be moved along by salt the flexible connection '24 would the its spring to efl'ect line spacing and as a re drawn more taut. This would result in swinging the rm of the controller to the position in whic it is illustrated in Fig. 12, in which the sprin arm 61 is carried into engagementwlth t e contact.68 and the spring arm 62 into engagement with the contact 70. Current then flowsifrom the positive wire 85 through the field coils. of the motor to the A switch arm 76, contact 73, contact 68, arm 61 and spring 64, through the coils of the rheo stat, wire 91, lever 49, spring 50, wire 88, through the armature of the motor 30, and then by wire87, spring 66,-spring arm 62, contact 70, contact 74 and sprin the negative supplywire 86. T c direction of flow of the current through'the' armature unden these conditions is indicated "by the arrow on Fig. 12. This would result in operation of the motor in a direction appropriate for feeding out the flexible connection 24 so as to make it less taut, and as a result,

allow the arm of the controller to move to the Fig; 8"positio Itthe carriage of the ty ewriting mechanism were-to be returned y hand-more or less, the flexible connection 24 would become abnormall slack. This would result in turning o the arm of the controller to the position indicated in Fig. 13, in which positraced as follows: from the tion the spring arm 62 of the controller en gages the contact 71 and .the spring arm 61 engages the contact -69. The clrcuit'eStab;

lished under these conditions may then be ositive supply wire 85 through the field coi s of the motor 4 to the spring arm 76, contact 73, contact 71,

spring arm 62, spring 66, Wil'e 87 to the armature fof the motor, wire 88 to stud 89, 8 ring 50, lever 49, wire 91, the coils of the r eostat, spring 64, spring arm 61, contact 69, contact 74, spring arm 77, and negative supply wire 86. .The direction of flow of current through the armature of the motor under these conditions is indicated by the arrow on Fig. 13,,and it will be noted that this direction is e opposite of that indicated on Fig. 12. The closure of thiscircuit results in operation of themotor in reverse direction, causing winding up of the flexible connection 24 so as to take up the slack therein and restore the flexible connection'together with the arm of the controller to the normal position.

The controller arm and the contacts associateil therewith thus operate as a reversing switch such that when the arm is rocked to contacts 73 and 74 andrator should then riage must direction, and when. itis rocked to the oppo site side, the motor circuit is closed in the other direction. Thus, movement-of the con-- troller arm to oneside or the other ofita normal position results in operation of the motor in the corres ondin direction, to either take up or fee ut t flexible connection24 which connects the return motorto the typewriter carriage; This mechanism 15 therefore operates to always maintain the flexible connection 24 in .'a normalstateLof tautness,-for if the connection becomes slack, the motor starts in operation ,auto'. maticallyin one direction a propriate taking u that slack and if tl e flexible con-i nection ecomes too taultl, the :ghotor in operation automatica y e op ft'er. direction so as to feed out the fiexibljepogll dc tionand thus reduce the degree'of tautifi Q When the key lever 48 is depresaeththjqj" circuit is closed through thereturn the direction to cause the motor td'wirsfuplf the flexible connection 24 and thiisreturn', the carriage to its initial position. The 'oon nections whereby thisis effected are inde pendent of the reversing'switchj nsistingof I the controller arm and thei contacts; ciated therewit as the return *ofthe" car-" pression of the key lever irres'p time of the position -in which'the controller arm hap pens to be. On'depression of the key'levefi- 1' 48, the pins 78 are de ress'edcarryin wi them the free ends of the spring arms 6' an fi m 77, thus disconnecting the sprin armsifih and'77 from the screws 73 and 4, restrutively, and carryingthem into. engagement v with the contacts 82 and 81, respectively.

This condition iii the p'arts is illustrated mick; Fig. 14 andithecircuit connections thus estahlishedi may be. traced as follows: fromthe positive supply -wire.85, current flows through the field coils of the motor 30 to the switch arm 76, contact 82, wire 87, armature up of the motor, wire 88, stud 89,spring lever 49, pin 51, lever 52, wire 90, contact-Q. 8 1 andspring arm 77 to the r a ply wire 86. It will he noted that the'dire,etion of flow of the currentthrough thearma n ture of the motor is that indicated by the arrow on Fig. 14, andis the 'same as thatindicated in Fig. 13 as being employedwhe n the mechanism is operated to take'up slack in the flexible connection 24.- When the ci r cuit indicated in Fig. 14 is closed, the motor starts operatingand winds up theflexible the lever 49 is turnedhbout its pivot to dis;

connect it from the pin 51, as has been here- 3,9

be effect immedia p n d a? substantial momentum.

tofore described. lhis opens the direct path for the current from lever 49 to lever 52 and wire 90 and instead the current flows from lever 1-9 by wire 91 through the coils 37 ot' the rheostat to switch arm 40 and then by spring 92 to the wire Ell). Thus, a portion of the resistance 37 dependent upon the position of the switch arm 40 is connected in the circuit during tla latter part of the re turn movement of the carriage to cut down the torque of the motor. As a result of this, the return movement of the carriage is initiated with the motor developing its full torque and the return movcmcnt is accomplished quickly with the development of lt' the return movement be a. long one during: which the maximum momentum is developed. a large amount of resistance is cut into the. motor. circuit near the end of the return movement and the remainder of the return movement is effected by the momentum of the carriage. ()n the other hand. when a short return movement is to be efl'cctcd, the motor is connected in circuit without any resistance and near the end of the short return movement,

a relatively sn'rall amount of resistance is cut into the motor circuit to reduce thetorque of the motor somewhat so that it the momentum of the carriage be insuflicient to carry the carriage to the end of its return inove Inent. the power of the motor will be available for that purpose.

When the circuit is closed by the automatic. controller for taking up slack in the. flexible connection, as shown in Fig. 13, or for feeding out the flexible connection, as shown in Fig. 12, the whole: of the resistance '37 is included in. the circuit. as under either of these conditions it is not desirable to have the motor develop its full torque. By rea son .of the inclusion of this resistance in the, motor circuit when taking up slack and feeding out the flexible connection, the motor operates at greatly reduced torque, as is desirable under these conditions.

By reference to Figs.'12, 13 and 1+, it will be seen that a condenser 93 is so connected in circuit as to bridge the gaps at which the circuits are brokenand thus prevent objectionable sparking at the contacts.

By reference to Figs. 4 and 6, it will be seen that the worm wheel 3-! is mutilated so that it is not provided with teeth over a portion of the peripheral surface of the gear.

This is done to facilitate the substitution of a new flexible connection 24 in case of breakage. If such breakage were tooccur,

, it would result in operationof the motor in a direction to wind up the flexible connection upon the pulley 23 and this would be. accom1n1nied by movement of the gear 31,

' sleeve '42 and arm 41. in -a counter-clockwise direction, .as seen in Fig. 4. until finally the arm 41 would engage the lever 49 and rock that ley'er on its pivot and then move on to a position l'ieyond that at which the arm 40 is normally arrested 'in the course of a return movement of the carriage. The matilation of the gear 34 is such that when the arm 41 passes its normal position, the mutilated portion of the gear comes opposite the worm 351 and rotation of gear 34 is thus discontinued, even though the motor continues in operation. The operator may then stop the rotation of the motor by means ofa. suitable switch provided therefor. The parts of the broken band :24 are then removed and the shatt'of the motor is rotated manually to carry th arm 11 around in 'a clocl wise direction to the end of its range of movement, in which position the rheostat arm J 0 bea rs upon the last one of the several contacts 38. In doing this. no ditiiculty'will be experienced in causing the gears 53 and 3+ to come into mesh as the spring 1% is then under tension in a direction to force the. gear;

31 into mesh with the worm 2-53. The operator may then attach one end of a new )and to the pulley 23 and the opposite end to the and return movements of the carriage are,

accon'rpanied by' forward. and reverse operation of the motor. and ineans for relieving the carriage of the drag of the motor when the carriage is moved to eflect letter spacing; substantially as described.

2. The combination of a typewriter having a carriage, a spring to advancing the -arriage to effect letter spacing, an electric motor adapted to operate in one direction to return the carriage. a connection from the motor to the carriage requiring operation of the motor in the other direction in correspondence with the advance movement of the carriage, and means for rclieving the varriage of the drag of the motor when the carriage ismoved by said spring; substantially as described.

3. The combination of a typewriter having a carriage, means for advancing the earriage to effect letter spacing, a motor adapt- 4. The combination of a typewriter hav- .ing a carriage, a motor adapted to o )erate in opposite directions, a connectionrom the motor to the carriage through which the motor efl'ects the return of the carriage when the motor is operating in one direction, means independent of the motor for effecting advance movements of the carriage, and means for operating the motor in the opposite direction automatically to relieve said. first named means from the drag of the motor during advance movements of the carriage; substantially as described.

5. The combination with a typewriter having a carriage, of otor permanently connected to the carria e for effecting r eturn movements of the carriage and adapted to operate in opposite directions as the carriage is moved in OPPOSItQ(llIECtlOIjS, and means for effecting advance movements of the carriage unimpeded by the motor; substantially as descrlbed;

6. The combination with atypewrit connected to the carriage for effecting return movementsof the carriage;'means'=.for operating the motor to return the carriage,

means independent of the motorfor efl'ecting advance movements of the carriage, and means for operating the motor automatically as the carriage is'advanced to permit the carriage to be advanced unimpeded by the motor; substantially as described.

7. The combination with a. typewriter havingia carriage,.of a motor permanently connected to the carriage for effecting re-t turn movements of the carriage, means for operating the inotor to return the carriage,

means independent of the motor for ctfect-.

ing advance movements of the carriage, and

means for automatically operating the motor intermittently during, advance movements of the carriage substantially as descril'ied.

. 8. The combination with atypeivriter haw ing a carriage, of a motor for returning 'the carriage, a flexible connection from th" riage tothe motor, and'man's for operit ng the motel to feed out the flexible connection during the advance movement d5 the ca'rriage; substantially as described.

9. The combination with a typewriter havin g' a carriage, of 'annotoi for. returning the carriage, a flexible connection from the car-' riage to the motor, and means for, operating the motor automatically to vteed out the flexible connectionfliii accordance with letter spacing movements of the carriage; subs'tam 5 5 tially as described.

10. The combination with a typewriter having a carriage, of an electric motor for returning the carriage, a flexible connect-ion from thecar'riage to a shaft connected to the 5'9" rotor of the motor, and means for operating t "e motor. automatically during advance movements ofthe carriageto prevent, rotation of said rotor by the carriage; substantially as described.

68 11. combination? with a typewriter having. a carriage,'of a motor permanently] carriage for o'perati the normal flex'ure 0 th having a. carriage, 'of p the carriage, means operated by movement of the carriage, a flexible connection from the contactingv carria e to the motor, a member with t e flexible connection, and means controlled by aid member for causing operation of the motor to feed out the flexible connection as the advance movement of the can riage pf'ogresses; substantially as described.

13. The combination with a typewriter 1 having a carriage, of a motor'connec-ted to the carriage, means for operating the motor to return the carriage, a member operated by advance movements of the carriage, and automatic means controlled by said member for causing operation of the motor insfiich direction that the advance movements ofthe having a carriage, of a. motor for returning the carriage, a flexible connection from the carriageto the moto'r,- a member contacting with the flexible connection, and automatic means controlled by said member for calising operation of'the motor during advance movements ofthe carriage in such direction that in said movements the carriage is unim-' peded by the motor; substantially as de-;

scribed. 15. The combination with a typewriter having'a carriage, of an electric motor for returning the carriage, a flexible connection from the carriage to a shaft connected to the rotor of the motor, a member bearing on the flexible connection and automatic means operated by. said, member when the latter isactuated by an increase in the tautness of the flexibleconnection for causing operation of the motor to increase the flexure of the flexible connection; substantially as described.

15, The combination with atypewriter havi-ng'ia carriage, of a motor for returning the carriage, a connection from the carriage to the motor determined amount and means operate by a decrease in the llexure of the connection occasioned by an advance movement of the the motor to restore I e connection; substantially as described.-

17. The combination with a typewriter a motor connected to the carriage in either direction for causing operation of themotor in'a correspond-i dufectiomand means for operating the m0- The combination with a typewriter carriage are unimpeded by the motor; sub- T .stantially as described. 4

14. The combinationgwi th a typewriter which is normally flexeda ire-- -tor to return the carriage; substantially as described. c y 18. The combination withla typewriter 9 having acarriage,.of a motor for returning the carriage, 'aconnection from the carriage to the motor which is normally flexed a predetermined amount, means operated by ;movement of the carriage in either direction A respondence with letter spacingmovements 'of'the carriage, and means for operating the motor to return the carriage; substantially as described.

20. Thecombination with 'a typewriter having'a "carriage, of a motor connected to the carriage, an automatic controller for the motor operated in response to movement of the carriage in either direction and means for operating the motor to rreturn thecarriage; substantially as described. '21. The combination with a typewriter having a carriage, of a motor fo'r'retu'rning the carriage, a'flexible connection from the carriage to the motor, a member actuated in response to an increase or avclecrease of the flexure of the flexible connection for causing operation of the motor in a direction to restore the.normal flexure of the connection, and means for operating the motor to return the carriage; substantially as described, 22. The combination with a typewriter jhavin a carria e of an electric motor for returning the carriage, a flexible connection' from the carriage to a shaft connected to the rotor "of the motor, and a reversing switch in the motor circuit controlled by.

6' said connection; substantially as described.

23. The combination with a typewriter having a carriage, of an electric motor forreturning the carriage, a flexible. connection from the carriage to a shaft connectedto the rotor of' the motor, and a member 00- actin with the flexible connection and operated y an increase in thetautness thereof to' close the circuit of the motor in a direction to cause the motor toincrease the flex are of the flexible connection; substantially as described.

24. The combination with a typewriter having a carriage, of an electric motor for returning the. carriage, a flexible connection from the carriage to a shaft connected to the rotor of the motor, a revers ng sw 1tch versing switch; substa tiall Vance movements of the carria e in spacmg for causing operation'o lthe mgtor to feed" out the flexible connection; substani 26. The combmatlon with a typewr ter;

scribed. i

30. In .a carriage return: mechanism, a motor connected to thexcarriage, a rhe0$tat 1 in themotor circuit controlled by the flexible connection, and a key le'ver operable to close the motor circuit independently of the re as described. :25. The combination wit a typewriter having a carriage, of a'motor, a driven shaft, gearing between the shaft of the" motor and the driven shaft, a pulley on they.

driven shaft, a flexible connection secured to the pulley and to the carriag'e of the typewriter, and automati means operated b adtia'lly as described;

having a carriage, of 'amotor,'.=a driven"; shaft, gearing between the tlriven shaftv and I r the shaft of the; motor, a. pulley on the? f driven shaft, a flexible {connection secured to th'e pulley and to the carriage, a controller coeperating with theflexible. connection and operated by an increase or adecrease in the flexure of said connection to cause operation of the motor in one direction or the other, and means for causing operation "of. the motor to return the riage substantially as described.

27. The combination with' a typewriter having a carriage and a spring .for moving the carriage to effect ,letter 1 spacing, of a motor for returning the carriage after .writing a line, a driven shaft, intermeshing ears on thedriven shaft and the shaft 0 the motor, a pulley on the driven shaft, a flexible connection secured to the pulley-and to pulley on the driven shaft, a flexible. connection connecting the pulley and the car- 'the carriage, and means for relievingthe spring from the drag of the motor whenthe carriage is moved by the spring; sub

riage of the typewriter, and a rheostat con- I nected in thetc rcuit of the motor and having a movable member which is operated by the motor; substantially as described.

29. The combination. with' a typewriter having a carriage, of an electric motor, a

flexible connection connected, to the motor 1' and to the carriage, a pivoted spring actuated arm bearing on the-flex'ble connection, and contacts in the circuit 0 the motor enlatter is moved in either direction from its upon the direction of movement of the spring gaged byfthe-spring actuated arm when the i actuated arm substtntially as do; y

is. p a p l having a movable arm, a member driven by the motor and adapted to move the rheostat arm when the member is moved in'one direction, and a switch operated by said member when it is moved in the opposite direction, said switch controlling a short circuit around the portion of the"rheostat which is connectedin circuit bythe movement of the movable arm of the rheostat;

substantially as described.

31. In a carriage return mechanism, a

" motor connected to the carriage, a rheostat having a movable arm, a member' driven by the motor and adapted to move the rheostat arm when the member is moved in one direction, and a switch operated by said member when it is moved in the opposite direction, said switch controlling a short circuit around the portion of the rheostat which'is connected in circuit by the movement of the movable arm of the rhostat, and means for effecting an adjustment of the said switch to determine the point at which the switch is opened by said member;

substantially as described.

32. In a carriage return mechanism, the

. combination of a motor adapted to be connected to the carriage to return the same,

means for automatically reducing the torque of the motor during the return movement of thecarria e eflectedJby-the motor,and

means for e ecting an adjustment of the point -in the return movement where the said reduction of the torque of the motor occurs; substantially as described.

33." In a carriage return mechanism, an electric motor for effecting the return of the carriage, a rheostat having a movable member operated by the motor, means operated automatically during the return movement of the carriage by the motor for connecting in the motor circuit a resistance whose value is dependent upon the extent of the advance movement of the carriage, and means for efi'ecting an adjustment of the point in the return movement of the carriage at which the said resistance is connectedin the motor circuit substantially as described.

- 34. In a carriage return mechanism, an electric motor, a shaft driven thereby, a pulley on the shaft, a flexible connection extending from the pulley to the carriage of the ty writer, a rheostat controlling the operation of the motor, an operating member for the rheostat and intermeshing gears connecting said operating) member and said shaft, one of said gears eing mutilated so that it is not provided with teeth over a predetermined portion thereof; substan-' tially as described.

35. The combination with a typewriter having a carriage, of a motor connected to the carriage for effecting the return thereof,

and means for actuating the motor automatically when the carriage is advanced during the writing of a line and when the carriage is moved forward and backward manually; substantially as described.

36. The combination with a typewriter having a carriage, of a motor,'a flexible connection, from the motor to the carriage. through which the motor efl'ects the return of the carriage, and means for actuating the motor automatically when the carriage is advanced duringthe writing of a line and backward manually; substantially as described. r

37.'The combination with a typewriter.

having a carriage, of an electric motor," a flexible connection from the shaft of the motor to the carriage, an automatic controller including a reversing switch in the circuit of the motor for operating the motor automatically when the carriage is moved in either direction, a key and means operated by the key for closing the circuit of the motor independently of the reversing switch to cause the motor to wind up the flexible connection and thus eiiect the return of the carriage; substantially as described.

38. The combination with a typewriter having a carriage,of an electric motor for effecting the return of the carriage, means including a reversing switch in the circuit of the motor for operating the motor auto- 'matically when the carriage is .moved in.

one direction or the other, and key-controlled means for cuttin out the reversing switch and closing the circuit of the motor to cause the motor to effect the return of the carriage; substantially as described.

39. The combination with a typewriter having a carriage, of,an electric motor connected to the carriage for effecting thereturn thereof, a resistance, means for closing circuit through the motor and said resistance automatically when the carriage is moved, and key-controlled means' for closing the circuit of the motor without the resistance therein to operate the motor to effect the return of the carriage; substantially as de-.

scribed.

40. The combination with a typewriter having a carriage, of an electric motor connected to the carriage, a resistance, meansfor closing circuit through the motor and said resistance automatically when the carriage is moved in one direction when writing a line and when it is moved in either direction manually, and key-controlled means for closing the circuit of the motor without including the resistance therein to cause the motor to efl'ct the return of the carnage;

substantially as described.

41. The combination with a typewriter having a carriage, of an electric motor. a

flexible connection from the shaft of the motor ,to thecarriage, a resistance, a tension 75 when the carriage is moved forward and regulator operated by said connection and adapted to close the circuit automatically through the motor and said resistance, and" key-controlled means tor closing the c cult of the motor without including the resist ance therein to cause the motor to effect the return of the carriagc; substantially as described.

42. The combination with a typewriter havin a carria e of a motor connected to carriage; key-controlled means for causing the motor to operate to return the carriage, and automatic means controlled by changes in the tension of the flexible connection for causing operation of the motor with reduced torque; substantially as described.

H In a carriage return 1r; l'echanism, a motor for efiecting the return. of the carriage, .l'neans (upended ul'iton'iatically by the motor for reducing but not wholly discontinuing the effective power of the motor during the return movement of the carriage, and manually adjustable means for regulating as desired the point in. the return movement where the said reducing means becomes operative; substantially as descril'ied. i

45. In a carriage return mechanism, on electric motor for effecting the return of the carriage, means operated automatically by the motor for reducing but not Wholly dis:

continuing the effective power of the motor during the'return movement, said means including a circuit breaker for cutting resistanee into the motor c wait, and ma nually adjustable means for regulating as desired the point during the return movement where the said. reducing. means becomes operative; substal'itially as described.

In testimony whereof I allixmy signature.

NEAL LARKIN ANDERSON. 

